Biotin, also known as Vitamin B7 or Vitamin H, is a water-soluble B-vitamin that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. It is commonly found in supplements and multivitamins, especially those aimed at improving skin, hair, and nail health.
Coenzyme Q10, also called ubiquinone (oxidized form) or ubiquinol (reduced form), is a vitamin-like compound found in every cell of the body. It plays a critical role in mitochondrial energy production (ATP synthesis) and functions as a powerful fat-soluble antioxidant.
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, making up about 30% of total protein content. It provides structural support to skin, joints, bones, muscles, and connective tissue. Collagen peptides are hydrolyzed collagen proteins that are easily absorbed and utilized by the body.
Inulin is a naturally occurring prebiotic fiber found in many plants, especially chicory root, Jerusalem artichoke, onion, garlic, and dandelion root. It’s classified as a fructan—a type of carbohydrate made from chains of fructose molecules that the body cannot digest.
L-Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative that plays a crucial role in energy production by transporting fatty acids into the mitochondria of cells, where they are burned for energy.
It is produced in the body from lysine and methionine and is also available as a dietary supplement (in various forms like L-carnitine, Acetyl-L-carnitine, Propionyl-L-carnitine).
Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It regulates the sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) and is also available as a supplement (synthetic or plant-based, such as from tart cherries).
NMN is a molecule naturally found in the body and a direct precursor to NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide), a critical coenzyme involved in cellular energy production, DNA repair, and anti-aging processes. NMN supplements are gaining popularity in the field of longevity and metabolic health.
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential polyunsaturated fats that the body cannot produce on its own. They must be obtained through diet or supplements. The most well-known forms are:
Quercetin is a powerful plant flavonoid found in onions, apples, berries, green tea, and leafy vegetables. A 95% standardized extract typically means the supplement contains a highly concentrated, purified form of quercetin with potent bioactivity.
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol and antioxidant found in red grapes, red wine, peanuts, berries, and Japanese knotweed (a common supplement source). It is best known for its potential anti-aging and cardiovascular protective properties.
Selenium is a trace mineral that plays a vital role in many bodily processes, including antioxidant defense, thyroid function, immune response, and reproductive health. It is found naturally in foods like Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds, eggs, tuna, and whole grains, or taken as a dietary supplement.
Vitamin B12 (also known as Cobalamin) is a water-soluble B-vitamin essential for red blood cell production, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. It is found naturally in animal-based foods like meat, eggs, dairy, and fish, and is also available as a supplement (oral, sublingual, or injection).
Vitamin B8, commonly known as Inositol, is a vitamin-like compound rather than a true vitamin. It plays a key role in cell signaling, fat metabolism, and neurotransmitter activity. It exists in several forms, but myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are the most commonly used in supplements.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for bone health, immune function, and overall wellness. It exists in two main forms:
The body also produces vitamin D naturally when the skin is exposed to sunlight (UVB rays).
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage. It includes a group of compounds, the most biologically active of which is alpha-tocopherol. It is found in foods like nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, leafy greens, and is widely available as a supplement.